Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Several formulas are described to calculate the Insulin Dose to start insulin pump therapy. However, there are no data demonstrating their effectiveness in achieving good glycemic control.Aim: To assess the Total Daily Dose of Insulin (TDDI) at 3 months after beginning an insulin pump, and determine which formula most closely matches the TDDI required in cases where good glycemic control is achieved after that period....

New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a serious complication after a solid organ transplantation. It has been reported to occur in 4% to 25% of renal transplant recipients, 2.5% to 25% of liver transplant recipients, 40% to 60% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and 2% to 53% of all solid organ transplantations. The diagnosis is performed using unmodified criteria for diagnosing diabetes in the general population and risk factors are the commonly recognized fac...

Introduction: The diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism can be challenging especially when surgery is mandatory and imaging techniques can not find the adenoma. PEt colina is a non-invasive diagnostic test that creates images of the parathyroid glands and detects abnormal activity. It is increasingly used and especially useful when there are no pathological findings in parathyroid scintigraphy.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study with data fro...

Introduction: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disease classically characterized by the development of hundreds or thousands of adenomas in the rectum and colon during the second decade of life. Almost all patients will develop colorectal cancer (CRC) if not identified and treated at an early stage. It is a multisystem growth disorder so there is an increased risk of developing extraintestinal manifestations. In this context, an increase in adrenal...

Introduction: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) represents the most common cause of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism, with an estimated prevalence of 1:500 to 1:1000 men. This syndrome is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome. Eighty percent present with a 47,XXY karyotype and the remaining 20% present with a 47,XXY/46,XY mosaic or with multiple X chromosome aneuploidies, often with additional Y chromosomes. The presence of a 47,XXY/46,XX mosaic with male phenotyp...

Introduction: Parathyroid Carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms, accounting for less than 1% of primary hyperparathyroidism cases. Apart from certain genetic mutations, no additional risk factors are known. Diagnosis is challenging in the absence of metastatic disease since no consensual histological criteria have so far been developed. These neoplasms typically present with severe hypercalcemia and markedly elevated serum PTH levels. Treatment is surgical and despite freque...

Hirata syndrome is a rare cause of spontaneous hypoglycaemia, more prevalent in Japanese population, very infrequent in Caucasian patients. It has been described that it can be triggered by medication with sulfhydryl compounds or α-lipoic acid. A 73-year-old male patient was sent to the Endocrinology Division in December 2015 because he had been presenting with episodes of sweating, palpitations and feeling hungry for 6 months; these symptoms improved when he ate carbohyd...

Thyroid storm (TS) is a rare and life threatening condition that requires a prompt recognition and treatment. The clinical features may overlap with other acute medical conditions. Currently both Akamizu Criteria (JTA) and Burch and Wartofsky Scale (BW) are helpful diagnostics tools.Objective: To evaluate TS patients according to currently available criteria and to identify the clinical features and outcomes.Methods: A single cente...

Introduction: In our practice we’ve been following some oncologic survivors patients with low-low/normal levels of testosterone who are asymptomatic. Aims: to determine the levels of total (TT) and free testosterones (FT) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in healthy men, in order to find the reference intervals (RI) adjusted to our population and compare them with those provided by the kit-producers (KP).Methods: We collected blood samples from 125 heal...

Introduction: During pregnancy, the thyroid volume (TV) increases by 20% to 35% in areas with iodine deficiency. In iodine-sufficient countries, while some studies showed an increase in TV by 10–15%, others did not observe any change in TV during pregnancy. Thyroid nodules may be present in up to 15–35% of pregnant women in areas with moderate iodine deficiency. However, in areas with iodine-sufficient, thyroid nodules were investigated in a few number of studies...